REFERENCES
Primary Sources
"Preface." Annual Review of Microbiology, 1 (1947).
Adaptation in Micro-organisms: Third Symposium of the Society of General Microbiology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1953).
"Announcements." Science, 143 (1963), 30.
Bulletin of the Hopkins Marine Station, (Misc.).
Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology, (Misc.).
Adelberg, Edward A., ed. Papers in Bacterial Genetics. Boston: Little, Brown, (1960, 1966).
Allen, M.B. and S. Ruben. "Tracer Studies with Radioactive Hydrogen: Some Experiments on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll." J. Am. Chem. Soc., 64 (1942), 948-950.
Ames, Bruce N. and B. Garry. "Coordinate Repression of the Synthesis of Four Histidine Biosynthetic Enzymes by Histidine." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S., (1959), 1453-1561.
Avery, Oswald T., Colin M. MacLeod, et al. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types." Journal of Experimental Medicine, 79 (1944), 137-158.
Baas Becking, Lourens G.M. "The Origin of the Vascular Structure of the Genus Botrychium." (Dissertation, Stanford University, 1921).
Baas Becking, Lourens G.M. Radiation and Vital Phenomena. (Dissertation, Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, 1921).
Baas Becking, Lourens G.M. "Observations on Dunaliella viridis, Teodoresco." Contribution to Marine Biology. Stanford: Stanford University Press, (1929), 102-114.
Barker, H.A. "On the Biochemistry of the Methane Fermentation." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 7 (1936), 404.
Barker, H.A. "The Production of Caproic and Butyric acids by the Methane Fermentation of Ethyl Alcohol." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 8 (1936), 415.
Barker, H.A. "On the Fermentation of Glutamic Acid." Enzymologia, 2 (1937), 175.
Barker, H. A. "Explorations of Bacterial Metabolism." Annual Review of Biochemistry, 47 (1978), 1-33.
Beadle, G.W. and E.L. Tatum. "Genetic Control of Biochemical Reactions in Neurospora." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.A.), 27 (1941), 499-506.
Beadle, George W. "Recollections." Annual Review of Biochemistry, 43 (1974), 1-13.
Benzer, Seymour. "Fine Structure of a Genetic Region in a Bacteriophage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., (1955), 344.
Berg, Paul. "Specificity in Protein Synthesis." Annual Review of Biochemistry, 30 (1961), 30.
Bisset, K.A. "The Genetical Implications of Bacterial Cytology." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia for Quantitative Biology, 16 (1951), 373-79.
Blinks, Lawrence R. A Golden Anniversary: The Hopkins Marine Station and Its Connections with L.R. Blinks (or vice versa) at Stanford Since September 1, 1933, Palo Alto: Stanford University Special Collections, (1983). .
Bloch, Konrad. "Summing Up." Annual Review of Biochemistry, 56 (1987), 1-19.
Breed, Robert S., E.G.D. Murray, et al. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co., (1939, 1948).
Brown, J. Howard. "The Biological Approach to Bacteriology." Journal of Bacteriology, 23 (1932), 1-10.
Cairns, John, Gunther S. Stent, et al., eds. Phage and the Origins of Molecular Biology. Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory of Quantitative Biology, (1966).
Carr, N.G. and B.A. Whitton, eds. The Biology of the Cyanobacteria. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1982).
Carson, S.F., S. Ruben, et al. "Radioactive Carbon as an Indicator of Carbon Dioxide Utilization. VIII. The Role of Carbon Dioxide in Cellular Metabolism." PNAS, 28 (1942), 8015.
Chapman, G.B. and J. Hillier. "Electron Microscopy of Ultra-thin Sections of Bacteria." Journal of Bacteriology, 66 (1953), 362-373.
Chatton, Edouard. Titres et Travaux Scientifiques (1906-1937). Sète: E. Sottano, (1938).
Clarke, Patricia H. "Roger Yates Stanier, 1916-1982." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, 32 (1986), 542-568.
Clayton, Roderick K. "Studies on the Phototaxis of Rhodospirillum rubrum. I. Action Spectrum, Growth in Green Light, Weber Law Adherence." Arkiv für Mikrobiologie, 19 (1953), 107-124.
Clayton, R.K. "Studies on the Phototaxis of Rhodospirillum rubrum. II. The Relation Between Ohototaxis and Photosynthesis." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 19 (1953), 125-140.
Clayton, R.K. "Studies on the Phototaxis of Rhodospirillum rubrum. III. Quantitative Relations Between Stimulus and Response." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 19 (1953), 141-165.
Cohen, Barnett. Chronicles of the Society of American Bacteriologists 1899-1950. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Company, (1950).
Cohen, Georges N. and Jacques Monod. "Permeases." Bacteriological Reviews, 21 (1957), 169-194.
Cohen-Bazire, Germaine, William R. Sistrom, et al. "Kinetic Studies of Pigment Synthesis by Non-sulfur Purple Bacteria." Journal of Cellular Comparative Physiology, 49 (1957), 25-68.
Cohn, Ferdinand. Über die Bacterien, die Kleinsten Lebenden Wesen. Berlin: Sammlung Gemeinverständlicher Wissenschaftlicher Vorträge, (1872).
Cohn, M., J. Monod, et al. "Terminology of Enzyme Formation." Nature, 172 (1953), 1096.
Cohn, Melvin. "Contributions of Studies on the ß-galactosidase of E. coli to Our Understanding of Enzyme Synthesis." Bacteriological Reviews, 21 (1957), 140-168.
Cohn, Melvin. "In Memoriam." In A. Lwoff and A. Ullmann, eds. Les Origines de la Biologie Moléculaire. Paris: Editions Etudes Vivantes, (1980),
Copeland, Herbert F. "The Kingdoms of Organisms." Quarterly Review of Biology, 13 (1938), 383-420.
Danforth, C.H. "C.V. Taylor, 1885-1946." National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoirs, 25 (1948), 215-16.
Davis, Bernard D. "Science, Politics: Tensions Between the Head and the Heart." Annual Review of Microbiology, 46 (1992), 1-33.
De Kruif, Paul. The Microbe Hunters: Harcourt, Brace and Co., (1926).
DeLameter, Edward D. "A New Cytological Basis for Bacterial Genetics." Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology, XVI (1951), 381-412.
DeLameter, Edward D. "Preliminary Observations on the Occurrence of a Typical Mitotic Process in Micrococci." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 79 (1952), 1-5.
DeLameter, Edward D. Structure and Division of the Bacterial Nucleus. Seventh International Congress of Microbiology, Rome, Italy: Fondazione Emanuele Paterno, (1953).
Delbrück, Max and Roderick Clayton. "Purple Bacteria." Scientific American, 185 (1951), 68-72.
Demerec, M. "Origin of Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics." Journal of Bacteriology, 56 (1948), 63-74.
Demerec, M. "Foreword." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, XVII (1951), v.
Dobell, Clifford, ed. Antony van Leeuwenhoek and His 'Little Animals'. New York: Russell & Russell, (1958).
Dodson, Edward O. "Crossing the Procaryote-Eucaryote Border: Endosymbiosis or Continuous Development?" Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 25 (1979), 651-674.
Dolley, Charles S. "Bacteria. The Smallest of Living Organisms." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 7 (1939), 48-92.
Doudoroff, M. "Lactoflavin and Bacterial Luminescence." Enzymologia, 5 (1938-39), 239-243.
Doudoroff, Michael and R.Y. Stanier. "Role of Poly-ß-hydroxybutyric Acid in the Assimilation of Organic Carbon by Bacteria." Nature, 183 (1959), 1440-42.
Doudoroff, R. Y. Stanier and M. "Professor C.B. van Niel on his 70th Birthday." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 59 (1967), 1-3.
Dougherty, Ellsworth C. "Neologisms Needed for Structures of Primitive Organisms 1. Types of Nuclei." Journal of Protozoology (supplement), 4 (1957), 14.
Dubos, R.J. The Bacterial Cell. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1945).
Dubos, René J. The Professor, the Institute, and DNA. New York: The Rockefeller University Press, (1976).
Duclaux, Emil. Traité de Microbiologie. Paris: Masson et Cie., (1898).
Ehrenberg, C.G. Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen: Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben der Natur. Leipzig, (1838).
Elberg, Sanford E. Graduate Education and Microbiology at U.C. Berkeley, 1930-1989, (1990).
Emerson, Robert and William Arnold. "A Separation of the Reactions of Photosynthesis by Means of Intermittent Light." Journal of General Physiology, 15 (1932), 391-420.
Entner, N. and M. Doudoroff. "Glucose and Gluconic Acid Oxidation of Pseudomonas saccharophila." Journal of Biological Chemistry, 196 (1952), 153-163.
Fisher. "The New Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University." Science N.S., 47 (1918), 410-13.
Fisher, W.K. "The Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University." Scientific Monthly, 29 (1929), 298-303.
Fisher, W.K. "The Hopkins Marine Station at Stanford University." The Collecting Net, 6 (1931), 65-71.
Fosdick, Raymond B. The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation. New York: Harper & Brothers, (1952).
Foster, E.M. "What's in a Name?" Bacteriological News, 25 (1959), 3.
French, C. Stacy. "Fifty Years of Photosynthesis." Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 30 (1979), 1-26.
Gaffron, Hans. "Van Niel's Theory: Thirty Years After." In H. Gest, A. San Peitero and L. P. Vernon, eds. Bacterial Photosynthesis, (1963), 3-14.
Gest, Howard, Anthony San Peitro, et al., eds. Symposium on Bacterial Photosynthesis. The Charles F. Kettering Research Laboratory. Contribution no. 112. Yellow Springs, Ohio: Antioch Press, (1963).
Green, J. Reynolds. A History of Botany: 1860-1900. Being a Continuation of Sachs 'History of Botany, 1530-1860'. Oxford: Clarendon Press, (1909).
Griffiths, M. and William R. Sistrom. "The Biology of a Photosynthetic Bacterium Which Lacks Colored Carotenoids." Journal of Cellular Comparative Physiology, 48 (1956), 473-516.
Gunsalus, I.C. and R.Y. Stanier, eds. Structure. The Bacteria, A Treatise on Structure and Function. New York and London: Academic Press, (1960).
Haeckel, Ernst. Das Protistenreich. Leipzig: Ernst Günther, (1878).
Haeckel, Ernst. Le Règne des Protistes. Paris: C. Reinwald et Cie., Libraires-Éditeurs, (1879).
Hansen, Emil Christian. Practical Studies in Fermentation. London: Spon, (1896).
Hayes, W. "Observations on a Transmissible Agent Determining Sexual Differentiation in Bacterium coli." Journal of General Microbiology, 8 (1953), 72-88.
Hershey, A.D. "Spontaneous Mutations in Bacterial Viruses." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 11 (1946), 67-76.
Hillier, James. "Electron Microscopy." Annual Review of Microbiology, 4 (1950), 1-20.
Hinshelwood, Sir Cyril N. The Chemical Kinetics of the Bacterial Cell. London: Clarendon Press, (1946).
Holter, H. and K. Max Møller, eds. The Carlsberg Laboratory, 1876/1976. Copenhagen: The Carlsberg Foundation: Rhodos, (1976).
Hungate, Robert E. "Evolution of a Microbial Ecologist." Annual Review of Microbiology, 33 (1979), 1-20.
Hungate, Robert E. "Cornelis Bernardus van Niel, 1897-1986." Photosynthesis Research, 10 (1986), 139-142.
Jacob, François and Elie L. Wollman. La Sexualité des Bactéries. Paris: Masson, (1959).
Jacob, François and Elie L. Wollman. Sexuality and the Genetics of Bacteria. New York and London: Academic Press, (1961).
Jannasch, Holger W. and M.J. Mottle. "Geo-microbiology of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents." Science, 229 (1985), 717-725.
Jannasch, Holger W. "Small Is Powerful: Recollections of a Microbiologist and Oceanographer." Annual Review of Microbiology, (1997), 1-45.
Jenkins, O.P. "The Hopkins Seaside Laboratory." Zoe, 4 (1893), 58-63.
Kamen, Martin D. Radiant Science, Dark Politics: A Memoir of the Nuclear Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1985).
Kamp, A.R., J.W.M. La Rivière, et al., eds. Albert Jan Kluyver: His Life and Work. Amsterdam: North Holland, (1959).
Kendrew, John C. "How Molecular Biology Started?" Scientific American, 217 (1967), 141-43.
Kluyver, A.J. "Eenheid en Verscheidenheid in de Stofwisseling der Microben." Chemische Weekblad, 21 (1924).
Kluyver, A.J. and H.J.L. Donker. "Die Einheit in der Biochemie." Chemie der Zelle und Gewebe, 13 (1926), 134-190.
Kluyver, A.J. The Chemical Activities of Micro-organisms. London: University of London Press, (1931).
Kluyver, A.J. and C.B. van Niel. Prospects for a Natural System of Classification of Bacteria, (1936).
Kluyver, A.J. and C.B. van Niel. The Microbe's Contribution to Biology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1956).
Knaysi, Georges. Elements of Bacterial Cytology. Ithaca: Comstock Publishing Company, Inc., (1944 &1952).
Knaysi, Georges and Richard F. Baker. "Demonstration, with the Electron Microscope, of a Nucleus in Bacillus mycoides Grown in Nitrogen-free Medium." Journal of Bacteriology, (1947), 4-5.
Kornberg, Arthur, I.R. Lehman, et al. "Enzymic Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid." Biochimica Biphysica Acta, 21 (1956), 197-98.
Kornberg, Arthur. For the Love of Enzymes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1989).
Larsen, H. "On the Culture and General Physiology of the Green Sulfur Bacteria." Journal of Bacteriology, 64 (1952), 187-197.
Larsen, H., C. Yocum, et al. "On the Energetics of the Photosyntheses in Green Sulfur Bacteria." Journal of General Physiology, 36 (1952), 161-171.
Lederberg, J. and E.L. Tatum. "Novel Genotypes in Mixed Cultures of Biochemical Mutants of Bacteria." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 11 (1946), 113-14.
Lederberg, Joshua, ed. Papers in Microbial Genetics. Madison: University of Wisconsin, (1951).
Lederberg, J. and E.L. Tatum. "Sex in Bacteria: Genetic Studies." Science, 118 (1953), 169-175.
Lederberg, Joshua. "Genetics and Microbiology." In S. A. Waksman, ed. Perspectives and Horizons in Microbiology. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, (1955),
Lederberg, Joshua. "Genetic Recombination in Bacteria: A Discovery Account." Annual Reviews of Genetics, 21 (1987), 23-46.
Lederberg, Joshua. "Edward Lawrie Tatum." Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Science, 59, (1990), 357-386.
Lewin, Ralph A. "Naming the Blue-greens." Nature, 259 (1976), [].
Lewis, Sinclair. Arrowsmith. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., (1924, ed. 1952).
Lillie, F.R. The Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1944).
Luria, S.E. and M. Delbrück. "Mutations of Bacteria from Virus Sensitivity to Virus Resistance." Genetics, 28 (1943), 491-511.
Luria, S.E. "Recent Advances in Bacterial Genetics." Bacteriological Reviews, 11 (1947), 1-40.
Luria, Salvador E. General Virology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, (1953).
Luria, Salvador. A Slot Machine, A Broken Test Tube: An Autobiography. New York: Harper & Row, (1984).
Lwoff, André. Recherches sur la Nutrition Biochimiques des Protozoaires. Paris: Massie et Cie., (1932).
Lwoff, André. L'Evolution Physiologique. Paris: Hermann, (1944).
Lwoff, André. "Lysogeny." Bacteriological Reviews, 17 (1953), 269-337.
Lwoff, André. "The Concept of Virus." Journal of General Microbiology, 17 (1957), 239-253.
Lwoff, André. "From Protozoa to Bacteria and Viruses: Fifty Years with Microbes." Annual Review of Microbiology, 25 (1971), 1-26.
Lwoff, André. "Jacques Lucien Monod." In A. Lwoff and A. Ullman, eds. Les Origines de la Biologie Moleculaire. Paris: Etudes Vivantes, (1980), 3-5.
Margulis, Lynn. The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells. New Haven: Yale University Press, (1970).
Margulis, Lynn. Symbiosis in Cell Evolution. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co., (1981).
Margulis, Lynn and Karlene V. Schwartz. Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth, 2nd ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Co., (1988).
McElroy, W.D. "From the Precise to the Ambiguous: Light, Bonding, and Administration." Annual Review of Microbiology, 30 (1976), 1-20.
Monod, Jacques. Recherches sur la Croissance des Cultures Bactériennes. (Dissertation, Sorbonne, 1942).
Monod, Jacques. "The Growth of Bacterial Cultures." Annual Review of Microbiology, 3 (1949), 371-394.
Monod, Jacques. "Facteurs Génétiques et Facteurs Chimiques Spécifiques dans la Synthèse des Enzymes Bactériens." Unités biologiques douées de continuité génétique. Paris: Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, (1949), 181-199.
Monod, Jacques. "La Synthese de la ß-galactosidase chez les Enterobacteria." Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Pathologie und Bakteriologie, XV (1952), 417.
Monod, François Jacob and Jacques. "Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms in the Synthesis of Proteins." Journal of Molecular Biology, 3 (1961), 318-356.
Monod, Jacques. "From Enzymatic Adaption to Allosteric Transitions." Science, 154 (1966), 475-483.
Mudd, Stuart. Trends and Perpsectives of Bacterial Cytology. Seventh International Congress of Microbiology, Rome, Italy: Fondazione Emanuele Paterno, (1953).
Muller, F.M. "On the Metabolism of the Purple Sulfur Bacteria in Organic Media." Arch. Microbiol., 4 (1933).
Myers, Jack. "Conceptual Developments in Photosynthesis, 1924-1974." Plant Physiology, 54 (1974), 420-466.
Novick, Aaron. "Phenotypic Mixing." In J. Cairns, G. S. Stent and J. D. Watson, eds. . Phage and the Origins of Molecular Biology: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory of Quantitative Biology, (1966),
Novick, Aaron. "Introduction." In B. T. Feld and G. W. Szilard, eds. The Collected Works of Leo Szilard, Scientific Papers. Cambridge: MIT Press, (1972),
Novikoff, Alex B. "Integrative Levels." Science, (1945).
Pfennig, Norbert. "Photosynthetic Bacteria." Annual Review of Microbiology, 21 (1967), 285-324.
Pfennig, Norbert. "Phototrophic Green and Purple Bacteria. A Comparative, Systematic Survey." Annual Review of Microbiology, 32 (1977), 275-290.
Pfennig, Norbert. "Reflections of a Microbiologist, or How to Learn from the Microbes." Annual Review of Microbiology, 47 (1993), 1-29.
Pollock, Martin. "Un Personnage Passionant Mais Exaspérant." In A. Lwoff and A. Ullmann, eds. Les Origines de la Biologie Moléculaire. Paris: Editions Etudes Vivantes, (1980),
Rabinowitch, Eugene I. Photosynthesis and Related Processes. New York, (1945).
Rahn, Otto. "Theoretische Bakteriologie." Naturewissenschaften, 9 (1921), 374-76.
Ritter, William Emerson. The Unity of the Organism; or, The Organismal Conception of Life. Boston: R.G. Badger, (1919).
Robertson, R. N. "Dr. L.G.M. Baas Becking." Australian Journal of Science, 26 (1963).
Robinow, C.F. "Nuclear Apparatus and Cell Structure of Rod-shaped Bacteria." In R. J. Dubos, ed. The Bacterial Cell. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1945),
Robinson, Edgar E. and Paul C. Edwards, eds. The Memoirs of Ray Lyman Wilbur, 1875-1949. Stanford: Stanford University Press, (1960).
Roelefson, P.A. "On the Metabolism of the Purple Sulfur Bacteria." Proc. Koninkl. Akda. Wetenschap, 37 (1934).
Ruben, S., M. Randall, et al. "Heavy Oxygen (18O) as a Tracer in the Study of Photosynthesis." Journal of the American Chemical Society, 63 (1941), 877-79.
Sachs, Julius. Lectures on the Physiology of Plants. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, (1887).
Schachman, Howard K., Arthur B. Pardee, et al. "Studies on the Macromolecular Organization of Microbial Cells." Archives for Biochemistry and Biophyics, 38 (1952), 245-260.
Sedgwick, W.T. "The Origin, Scope and Significance of Bacteriology." Science, XIII (1901), 121-128.
Sedgwick, W.T. "The Genesis of a New Science -- Bacteriology." Journal of Bacteriology, 1 (1916), 5-15.
Smith, James H.C. and C. Stacey French. "H. Spoehr." Annual Review of Biochemistry, 24 (1955), xi-xvi.
Spoehr, Herman Augustus. Photosynthesis. New York: Chemical Catalogue Co., (1926).
Stanier, R.Y. and C.B. van Niel. "The Main Outlines of Bacterial Classification." Journal of Bacteriology, 42 (1941), 437-466.
Stanier, R.Y. "The Cytophaga Group: A Contribution to the Biology of the Myxobacteria." Bacteriological Reviews, 6 (1942), 143-196.
Stanier, R.Y. "Simultaneous Adaptation: A New Technique for the Study of Metabolic Pathways." Journal of Bacteriology, 54 (1947), 339-348.
Stanier, R.Y. "Problems of Bacterial Oxidative Metabolism." Bacteriological Reviews, 14 (1950), 179-191.
Stanier, R.Y. "Enzymatic Adaptation in Bacteria." Annual Review of Microbiology, 5 (1951), 35-56.
Stanier, R.Y. "Adaption, Evolutionary and Physiological: or Darwinism Among the Micro-organisms." In R. Davies and E. F. Gale, eds. Adaptation in Micro-organisms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1953),
Stanier, Roger Y., Michael Doudoroff, and Edward Adelbberg. The Microbial World. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, (1957).
Stanier, R.Y., Michael Doudoroff, et al. "Role of Organic Substances in Bacterial Photosynthesis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 45 (1959), 1246-260.
Stanier, I.C. Gunsalus and R.Y., ed. The Bacteria, A Treatise on Structure and Function, Volume I. Structure. New York and London: Academic Press, (1960).
Stanier, Roger Y. "Photosynthetic Mechanisms in Bacteria and Plants: Development of a Unitary Concept." Bacteriological Reviews, 25 (1961), 1-17.
Stanier, R.Y. "La Place des Bactéries dans le Monde Vivant." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur, 101 (1961), 299-312.
Stanier, Roger and C.B. van Niel. "The Concept of a Bacterium." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 42 (1962), 17-35.
Stanier, Roger Y., Michael Doudoroff, et al. The Microbial World (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, (1963).
Stanier, R.Y. and M. Doudoroff. "Professor C.B. van Niel on his 70th Birthday." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 59 (1967), 1-3.
Stanier, Roger Y. "The Journey, Not the Arrival, Matters." Annual Reviews of Microbiology, 34 (1980), 1-48.
Stanier, R.Y. "Foreword." In N. G. Carr and B. A. Whitton, eds. The Biology of the Cyanobacteria. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1982),
Steinbeck, John. Cannery Row. New York: Viking Press, (1945).
Stent, Gunther S. The Molecular Biology of Bacterial Viruses. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman, (1963).
Stent, Gunther S. Molecular Genetics: An Introductory Narrative. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company, (1971).
Stephenson, Marjory. Bacterial Metabolism. []: [], (1930).
Stephenson, Marjory. Bacterial Metabolism. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., (1930; 2d ed. 1939).
Stiles, Walter. Photosynthesis: The Assimilation of Carbon by Green Plants. London: Longmans, Green and Co., (1925).
Tatum, E.L. "X-ray Induced Mutant Strains of E. coli." Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 13 (1945), 215-19.
Tatum, J. Lederberg and E.L. "Novel Genotypes in Mixed Cultures of Biochemical Mutants of Bacteria." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 11 (1946), 113-114.
Topley, William Whiteman Carlton and Sir Graham S. Wilson. The Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity. Baltimore: Woods & Co., (1929).
Trolle, Birger. "The Origins of the Laboratory and Its Background in the Carlsberg Brewery." In H. Holter and K. M. Møller, eds. The Carlsberg Laboratory, 1876/1976. Copenhagen: The Carlsberg Foundation: Rhodos, (1976),
Tulasne, R. "Sur la Mise en Evidence du Noyau des Cellules Bactériennes." Comptes Rendues de la Société de Biologie, (1947), 411-13.
Tulasne, R. and R. Minck. "Mise en Evidence des Noyaux des Cocci par la Ribonucléase." Comptes Rendues de la Société de Biologie, 141 (1947).
Twitty, Victor C. Of Scientists and Salamanders. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, (1966).
Van Iterson, G. , L.E. den Dooren de Jong, et al. "Martinus Willem Beijerinck, His Life and Work." Verzamelde Geschriften van M.W. Beijerinck, 6. 'S-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, (1940),
Van Niel, C.B. The Propionic Acid Bacteria. Haarlem: N.V. Uitgeverszaak J. W. Boissevain & Co., (1928).
Van Niel, C.B. "Photosynthesis of Bacteria." Contributions to Marine Biology. Stanford: Stanford University Press, (1929),
Van Niel, C.B. "On the Morphology and Physiology of the Purple and Green Sulphur Bacteria." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 3 (1931), 1-112.
Van Niel, C.B. "Photosynthesis of Bacteria." Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology, 3 (1935).
Van Niel, C.B. "On the Metabolism of the Thiorhodaceae." Archiv für Mikrobiologie, 7 (1936), 323-358.
Van Niel, C.B. and W.A. Arnold. "The Quantitative Estimation of Bacteriochlorophyll." Enzymologia, 5 (1938), 244-250.
Van Niel, C.B. "The Bacterial Photosyntheses and Their Importance for the General Problems of Photosynthesis." Advances in Enzymology, 1 (1941), 263-328.
Van Niel, C.B. "The Culture, General Physiology, Morphology, and Classification of the Non-sulfur Purple and Brown Bacteria." Bacteriological Reviews, 8 (1944), 1-118.
Van Niel, C.B. "The Classification and Natural Relationships of Bacteria." Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 11 (1946), 285-301.
Van Niel, C.B. "The Comparative Biochemistry of Photosynthesis." In J. Franck and W. E. Loomis, eds. Photosynthesis in Plants: Iowa State College Press, (1949), 437-495.
Van Niel, C.B. "The 'Delft School' and the Rise of General Microbiology." Bacteriological Reviews, 13 (1949), 161-174.
Van Niel, C.B. "On Radicalism and Conservatism in Science." Bacteriological Reviews, 19 (1955), 1-5.
Van Niel, C.B. "Classification and Taxonomy of the Bacteria and Bluegreen Algae." In A Century of Progress in the Natural Sciences 1853-1953. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, (1955),
Van Niel, C.B. "The Microbe as a Whole." In S. A. Waksman, ed. Perspectives and Horizons in Microbiology: Rutgers University Press, (1955), 3-12.
Van Niel, C.B. "Natural Selection and the Microbial World." Journal of General Microbiology, 13 (1955), 201-17.
Van Niel, C.B. "A.J. Kluyver, Microbiologist." Science, 124 (1956), 308.
Van Niel, C.B. "Obituary Notice: Albert Jan Kluyver, 1888-1956." Journal of General Microbiology, 16 (1957), 499-521.
Van Niel, C.B. "Introduction." In C. Dobell, ed. Antony van Leeuwenhoek and His 'Little Animals.' New York: Russell & Russell, (1958).
Van Niel, C.B. "The Education of a Microbiologist: Some Reflections." Annual Review of Microbiology, 21 (1967), 1-30.
Waksman, Selman A. "President's Letter." Society of American Bacteriologists Newsletter, VIII (1942), 2-3.
Waksman, Selman A. My Life With Microbes. New York: Simon and Schuster, (1954).
Waksman, Selman A., ed. Perspectives and Horizons in Microbiology. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, (1955).
Warburg, O. and E. Negelein. "Über den Energieumsatz bei der Kohlensäureassimilation." Z. Phys. Chem., 102 (1922), 236-266.
Warburg, O. and E. Negelein. "Über den Einfluss der Wellenlänge auf den Energieumsatz bei der Kohlensäureassimilation." Z. Phys. Chem., 106 (1923), 191-218.
Weaver, Warren. "Molecular Biology: Origins of the Term." Science, 170 (1970), 591-92.
Went, F.W. "Dr. L.G.M. Baas Becking." Nature, 198 (1963).
Whittaker, R. H. "New Concepts of Kingdoms of Organisms." Science, 163 (1969), 150-60.
Wilson, Sir Graham S. and A.A. Miles. Topley and Wilson's Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, (1946).
Wilson, E.O., Thomas Eisner, et al. Life on Earth. Stamford, Conn: Sinauer Associates, (1973).
Woese, Carl R. and George E. Fox. "Phylogenetic Structure of the Prokaryotic Domain." Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 74 (1977), 5088-090.
Woese, Carl R. "Bacterial Evolution." Microbiological Reviews, 51 (1987), 221-271.
Woese, Carl R. "There Must Be a Prokaryote Somewhere: Microbiology's Search for Itself." Microbiological Reviews, 58 (1994), 1-9.
Wolfe. The Biology of the Cell. Belmont, CA: Wadsorth Publishing Co., (1972).
Wolfe, Ralph S. "My Kind of Biology." Annual Review
of Microbiology, 45 (1991), 1-35.
Secondary Sources
Abir-Am, Pnina. "The Discourse of Physical Power and Biological Knowledge in the 1930's: A Reappraisal of the Rockefeller Foundation's 'Policy' in Molecular Biology." Social Studies of Science, 12 (1982), 341-382.
Abir-Am, Pnina G. "How Scientists View Their Heroes: Some Remarks on the Mechanism of Myth Construction." Journal of the History of Biology, 15 (1982), 281-315.
Abir-Am, Pnina. "Themes, Genres and Orders of Legitimation in the Consolidation of New Scientific Disciplines: Deconstructing the History of Molecular Biology." History of Science, 23 (1985), 74-117.
Abir-Am, Pnina G. "The Biological Gathering, Trans-disciplinary Authority and the Incipient Legitimation of Molecular Biology in the 1930s: New Perspective on the Historical Sociology of Science." History of Science, 25 (1987), 1-70.
Abir-Am, Pnina G. "Nobelesse Oblige: Lives of Molecular Biologists." Isis, 82 (1991), 326-343.
Abir-Am, Pnina G. "The Politics of Macromolecules: Molecular Biologists, Biochemists, and Rhetoric." Osiris, 7 (1992), 164-191.
Abir-Am, Pnina. "From Multidisciplinary Collaboration to Transnational Objectivity: International Space as Constitutive of Molecular Biology, 1930-1970." In E. Crawford, T. Shinn and S. Sorlin, Denationalizing Science: The Contexts of International Scientific Practice. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, (1993), 153-186.
Abir-Am, Pnina. "'New' Trends in the History of Molecular Biology." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 26 (1995), 167-196.
Adams, David P. "The Penicillin Mystique and the Popular Press (1935-1950)." Pharmacy in History, 26 (1984), 134-142.
Allen, Garland E. Life Sciences in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1975).
Amsterdamska, Olga. "Stabilizing Instability: the Controversy Over Cyclogenic Theories of Bacterial Variation During the Interwar Period." Journal of the History of Biology, 24 (1991), 191-222.
Amsterdamska, Olga. "From Pneumonia to DNA: The Research Career of Oswald T. Avery." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 24 (1993), 1-40.
Amsterdamska, Olga. "Beneficent Microbes: The Delft School of Microbiology and Its Industrial Connections." In P. Bos and B. Theunissen, Beijerinck and the Delft School of Microbiology. Delft: Delft University Press, (1995), 193-214.
Baker, John R. "The Cell Theory: a Restatement, History, and Critique (Part I)." Quarterly Journal of the Microscopy Society, 89 (1948), 103-125.
Baker, John R. "The Cell Theory: a Restatement, History, and Critique (Part II)." Quarterly Journal of the Microscopy Society, 90 (1949), 87-108.
Baumberger, Percy. "A History of Biology at Stanford University." Bios, 25 (1954), 123-147.
Benson, Keith R. "American Morphology in the Late Nineteenth Century: The Biology Department at Johns Hopkins University." Journal of the History of Biology, 18 (1985), 163-205.
Benson, Keith R. "The Naples Stazione Zoologica and its Impact on the Emergence of American Marine Biology." Journal of the History of Biology, 21 (1988), 331-341.
Benson, Keith R. "From Museum Research to Laboratory Research: The Transformation of Natural History into Academic Biology." In R. Rainger, K. R. Benson and J. Maienschein, The American Development of Biology. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, (1988), 49-86.
Biagioli, Mario. Galileo Courtier: The Practice of Science in the Culture of Absolutism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1993).
Bos, Pieter and Bert Theunissen, eds. Beijerinck and the Delft School of Microbiology. Delft: Delft University Press, (1995).
Brock, Thomas D. The Emergence of Bacterial Genetics. Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, (1990).
Bud, Robert. The Uses of Life: A History of Biotechnology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1993).
Bulloch, William. The History of Bacteriology. London: Oxford University Press, (1938).
Burian, Richard M., Jean Gayon and Doris Zallen. "The Singular Fate of French Genetics, 1900-1940." Journal of the History of Biology, 21 (1988), 357-402.
Burk, Dean. "Otto Heinrich Warburg." In C. C. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner, (1970), 172-77.
Caron, Joseph. "'Biology' in the Life Sciences." History of Science, 26 (1989), 223-268.
Churchill, Frederick. "In Search of the New Biology: An Epilogue." Journal of the History of Biology, 14 (1981), 177-191.
Churchill, Frederick B. "The Guts of the Matter: Infusoria from Ehrenberg to Bütschli, 1838-1876." Journal of the History of Biology, 22 (1989), 189-213.
Clark, Paul F. Pioneer Microbiologists of America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, (1961).
Clarke, Adele E. and Joan Fujimura. "What Tools? Which Jobs? Why Right? The Right Tools for the Job. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1992),
Clarke, Adele E. and Joan Fujimura, eds. The Right Tools for the Job. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1992).
Coleman, William. "Cell, Nucleus, and Inheritance: An Historical Study." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 109 (1965), 124-158.
Coleman, William. Biology in the Nineteenth Century: Problems of Form, Function and Transformation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1977).
Collard, Patrick. The Development of Microbiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1976).
Creager, Angela N.H. "Wendell Stanley's Dream of a Free-Standing Biochemistry Department at the University of California, Berkeley." Journal of the History of Biology, 29 (1996), 331-360.
Daniels, George H. "The Pure-Science Ideal and Democratic Culture." Science, 156 (1967), 1699-705.
De Chadarevian, Soraya. "Sequences, Conformation, Information: Biochemists and Molecular Biologists in the 1950s." Journal of the History of Biology, 29 (1996), 361-386.
De Chadarevian, Soraya and Jean-Paul Gaudillière. "The Tools of the Discipline: Biochemists and Molecular Biologists." Journal of the HIstory of Biology, 29 (1996), 327-330.
Disco, Cornelis. Made in Delft: Professional Engineering in the Netherlands 1880-1940. (Dissertation, University of Amsterdam, 1990).
Farley, John. Gametes and Spores: Ideas About Sexual Reproduction, 1750-1914. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, (1982).
Fischer, Ernst P. and Carol P. Lipson. Thinking About Science: Max Delbrück and the Origins of Molecular Biology. New York: Norton, (1988).
Fleming, Donald. "Emigré Physicists and the Biological Revolution." Perspectives in American History, 2 (1968), 152-189.
Forman, Paul, John L. Heilbron and Spencer Weart. "Physics circa 1900: Personnel, Funding, and Productivity of the Academic Establishments." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, 5 (1975), 1-185.
Fruton, Joseph S. Contrasts in Scientific Style: Research Groups in the Chemical and Biomedical Sciences. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, (1990).
Gaudillière, Jean-Paul. "Molecular Biology in the French Tradition? Redefining Local Traditions and Disciplinary Patterns." Journal of the History of Biology, 26 (1993), 473-498.
Gaudillière, Jean-Paul. "Molecular Biologists, Biochemists, and Messenger RNA: The Birth of a Scientific Network." Journal of the History of Biology, 29 (1996), 417-445.
Geiger, Roger L. To Advance Knowledge: The Growth of American Research Universities, 1900-1940. New York: Oxford University Press, (1986).
Geison, Gerald L. "Ferdinand Julius Cohn." In C. L. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 3, (1971), 336-341.
Geison, Gerald L. Michael Foster and the Cambridge School of Physiology: The Scientific Enterprise in Late Victorian Society. Princeton, (1978).
Geison, Gerald, ed. Physiology in the American Context 1850-1940. Bethesda, Md.: American Physiological Society, (1987).
Geison, Gerald. L. "Pasteur, Roux, and Rabies: Scientific versus Clinical Mentalities." Journal of History of Medical and Allied Sciences, 45 (1990), 341-65.
Geison, Gerald and Frederick L. Holmes. "Research Schools: Historical Appraisals." Osiris, 8 (1993).
Geison, Gerald L. The Private Science of Louis Pasteur. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1995).
Gillispie, Charles Coulston. Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1980).
Gossel, Patricia Peck. "A Need for Standard Methods: The Case of American Bacteriology." In A. E. Clarke and J. Fujimura, The Right Tools for the Job. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1991), 287-311.
Greenblatt, Stephen. Renaissance Self-Fashioning. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1980).
Hansen, K.G. "Maaløe, Ole. Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, (1987),
Harris, Robert and Jeremy Paxman. Higher Form of Killing: The Secret Story of Chemical and Biological Warfare. New York: Hill and Wang, (1982).
Harwood, Jonathan. Styles of Scientific Thought: The German Genetics Community, 1900-1933. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1993).
Heilbron, J.L. The Dilemmas of an Upright Man: Max Planck As Spokeman For German Science. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1986).
Helfand, W.H., H.B. Woodruff, et al. "Wartime Industrial Development of Penicillin in the United States." In J. Parascandola, The History of Antibiotics: A Symposium. Madison: American Institute of the History of Pharmacy, (1980),
Higgett, Frank E. The Modern Netherlands. London, (1971).
Hollinger, David. "Science as a Weapon the Kulturkämpfe in the United States During and After World War II." Isis, 86 (1995), 440-454.
Holmes, Frederick L. Between Biology and Medicine: The Formation of Intermediary Metabolism. Berkeley: Office for the History of Science and Technology, University of California, (1992).
Holter, H. and K. Max Møller, eds. The Carlsberg Laboratory, 1876/1976. Copenhagen: The Carlsberg Foundation: Rhodos, (1976).
Jacobs, Natasha X. "From unit to unity: protozoology, cell theory, and the new concept of life." Journal of the History of Biology, 22 (1989), 215-242.
Judson, Horace Freeland. The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology. New York: Simon & Schuster, (1979).
Kamminga, Harmke and Mark W. Weatherall. "The Making of a Biochemist: I. Frederick Gowland Hopkins's Construction of Dynamic Biochemistry." Medical History, 40 (1996), 269-292.
Kay, Lily E. "Conceptual Models and Analytical Tools: The Biology of Physicist Max Delbruck." Journal of the History of Biology, 18 (1985), 207-246.
Kay, Lily E. The Molecular Vision of Life: Caltech, The Rockefeller Foundation and the Rise of the New Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, (1993).
Keller, Evelyn Fox. A Feeling for the Organism: The Life and Work of Barbara McClintock. New York: W.H. Freeman, (1983).
Keller, Evelyn Fox. "Physics and the Emergence of Molecular Biology: A History of Cognitive and Political Synergy." Journal of the History of Biology, 23 (1990), 389-409.
Keller, Evelyn Fox. "Between Language and Science: The Question of Directed Mutation in Molecular Genetics. Secrets of Life, Secrets of Death. New York, (1992), 161-178.
Keller, Evelyn Fox. Secrets of Life, Secrets of Death: Essays on Language, Gender, and Science. New York: Routledge, (1992).
Keller, Evelyn Fox. Refiguring Life: Metaphors of Twentieth Century Biology. New York: Columbia University Press, (1995).
Kevles, Daniel J. The Physicists: The History of a Scientific Community. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, (1978).
Kline, Ronald. "Construing 'Technology' as 'Applied Science:' Public Rhetoric of Scientists and Engineers in the United States, 1880-1945." Isis, 86 (1995), 194-221.
Kofoid, Charles Atwood. The Biological Stations of Europe. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, (1910).
Kohler, Robert E. From Medical Chemistry to Biochemistry: The Making of a Biomedical Discipline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1982).
Kohler, Robert E. "Innovation in Normal Science: Bacterial Physiology." Isis, 76 (1985), 162-181.
Kohler, Robert E. "Bacterial Physiology: The Medical Context." Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 59 (1985), 54-74.
Kohler, Robert E. Partners in Science: Foundations and Natural Scientists. Chicago: University of Chicago, (1991).
Kohler, Robert E. "Systems of Production: Drosophila, Neurospora,and Biochemical Genetics." Historical Studies in the Physical and the Biological Sciences, 22 (1991), 87-130.
Kohler, Robert E. Lords of the Fly: Drosophila Genetics and the Experimental Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1994).
Kuhn, Thomas. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1962).
Kuhn, H.G. "James Franck." In C. L. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, (1971), 117-118.
Latour, Bruno. "Give Me a Laboratory and I Will Raise the World." In K. Knorr-Cetina and M. Mulkay, Science Observed. London: Sage, (1983),
Latour, Bruno. The Pasteurization of France. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1988).
Lechevalier, Hubert A. and Morris Solotorovsky. Three Centuries of Microbiology. New York: McGraw Hill, (1965).
Lesch, John E. "Systemics and the Geometric Spirit." In T. Frängsmyr, J. L. Heilbron and R. E. Rider, The Quantifying Spirit in the 18th Century. Berkeley: Uniersity of California Press, (1990),
Lillie, F.R. The Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1944).
Lintsen, Harry. Ingeniurs in Nederland in de Negentiende Eeuw; Een streven naar erkenning en macht. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, (1980).
Lowen, Rebecca S. Creating the Cold War University: The Transformation of Stanford. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1997).
Lydon, Sandy. Chinese Gold: the Chinese in the Monterey Bay Region. Capitola, CA: Capitola Book Co., (1985).
Magnus, David. In Defense of Natural History: David Starr Jordan and the Role of Isolation in Evolution. (Dissertation, Stanford University, 1993).
Maienschein, Jane. "Agassiz, Hyatt, Whitman, and the Birth of the Marine Biological Laboratory." Biological Bulletin, 168 (1985), 26-54.
Maienschein, Jane. Transforming Traditions in American Biology, 1880-1915. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, (1991).
Manning, Kenneth R. Black Apollo of Science: The Life Ernest Everett Just. New York: Oxford University Press, (1983).
Mazumdar, Pauline M.H. Species and Specificity: An Interpretation of the History of Immunology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1995).
Morange, Michel. A History of Molecular Biology (Translation of Histoire de la biologie moléculaire). Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1998).
Monroy, Alberto and Groeben, Christiane. "The 'New' Embryology at the Zoological Station and at the Marine Biological Laboratory." Biological Bulletin, 168 (1985), 35-43.
Mullins, Nicholas C. "The Development of a Scientific Specialty: The Phage Group and the Origins of Molecular Biology." Minerva, 10 (1972), 51-82.
Nye, Mary Jo. From Chemical Philosophy to Theoretical Chemistry: Dynamics of Matter and Dynamics of Disciplines, 1800-1950. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1993).
Nyhart, Lynn K. Biology Takes Form: Animal Morphology and the German Universities, 1800-1900. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1995).
Olby, Robert C. The Path to the Double Helix. London: Macmillan, (1974).
Paul, Harry W. Science, Wine, and Vine in Modern France, 1750-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (1996).
Pauly, Philip J. "The Appearance of Academic Biology in Late Nineteenth-Century America." Journal of the History of Biology, 17 (1984), 369-397.
Pauly, Philip J. Controlling Life: Jacques Loeb and the Engineering Ideal in Biology. Berkeley: University of California Press, (1987).
Pauly, Philip J. "Summer Resort and Scientific Discipline: Woods Hole and the Structure of American Biology, 1882-1925." In R. Rainger, K. R. Benson and J. Mainschein, The American Development of Biology. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, (1988), 121-150.
Rainger, Ron, Keith R. Benson and Jane Maienschein, eds. The American Development of Biology: The University of Pennsylvania Press, (1988).
Rasmussen, Nicolas. Picture Control: The Electron Microscope and the Transformation of Biology in America, 1940-1960. Stanford: Stanford University Press, (1997).
Rasmussen, Nicolas. "The Midcentury Biophysics Bubble: Hiroshima and the Biological Revolution in America." History of Science, 37 (1997), 245-293.
Rechter, Julia Ellen. The Glands of Destiny: a History of Popular, Medical and Scientific Views of the Sex Hormones in 1920's America. (Dissertation, University of California, 1997).
Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg. Toward a History of Epistemic Things: Synthesizing Proteins in the Test Tube. Stanford: Stanford University Press, (1997).
Rosenberg, Charles E. No Other Gods: On Science and American Social Thought. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, (1997).
Rosenberg, Charles E. "Martin Arrowsmith: The Scientist as Hero." In C. E. Rosenberg, No Other Gods: On Science and American Social Thought. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, (1997),
Rothschild, Lynn J. "Protozoa, Protista, Protoctista: What's in a Name?" Journal of the History of Biology, 22 (1989), 277-305.
Sapp, Jan. Beyond the Gene: Cytoplasmic Inheritance and the Struggle for Authority in Genetics. New York: Oxford University Press, (1983).
Sapp, Jan. Where the Truth Lies: Franz Moewus and the Origins of Molecular Biology. New York: Cambridge University Press, (1990).
Sapp, Jan. Evolution by Association: A History of Symbiosis. New York: Oxford University Press, (1994).
Smocovitis, V. B. "Unifying Biology: The Evolutionary Synthesis and Evolutionary Biology." Journal of the History of Biology, 25 (1992), 1-65.
Spanier, Bonnie B. Im/partial Science: Gender Ideology in Molecular Biology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, (1995).
Star, Susan Leigh and James R. Griesemer. "Institutional Ecology, 'Translations' and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907-39." Social Studies of Science, 19 (1989), 387-420.
Summers, William. "On the Origins of the Science in Arrowsmith: Paul de Kruif, Felix d'Herelle, and Phage." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 46 (1991), 315-332.
Summers, William C. "From Culture as Organism to Organism as Cell: Historical Origins of Bacterial Genetics." Journal of the History of Biology, 24 (1991), 171-190.
Theunissen, Bert. "Knowledge Is Power: Hugo de Vries on Science, Heredity, and Social Progress." British Journal for the History of Science, 27 (1994), 291-311.
Theunissen, Bert and Frans van Lunteren. "Zuievere Wetenschap and Praktisch Nut: Visies op de Maatschappelijke Betekenis van Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Rond 1900." Gewina Tijdschrift Voor De Geschiedenis Der Geneeskunde Natuurwetenschappen Wiskunde En Techniek, (1994).
Theunissen, Bert. "Martinus Willem Beijerinck and the 'Delft' Tradition in Microbiology." In P. Bos and B. Theunissen, Beijerinck and the Delft School of Microbiology. Delft: Delft University Press, (1995), 183-192.
Vernon, Keith. "Pus, Sewage, Beer, and Milk: Microbiology in Britain, 1870-1940." History of Science, 28 (1990), 289-325.
Veysey, Laurence R. The Emergence of the American University. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, (1965).
Werner, Petra. "Learning from an Adversary? Warburg against Wieland." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 28 (1997), 173-196.
Westwick, Peter J. "'Abraded from Several Corners:' Medical Physics and Biophysics at Berkeley." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 27 (1996), 131-162.
Wise, Norton. "Mediations: Enlightenment Balancing Acts, or the Technologies of Rationalism." In P. Horwich, World Changes: Thomas Kuhn and the Nature of Science. Cambridge: MIT Press, (1993), 207-258.
Zallen, Doris T. "The Rockefeller Foundation and Spectroscopy Research: The Programs at Chicago and Utrecht." Journal of the History of Biology, 25 (1992), 67-89.
Zallen, Doris T. "Redrawing the Boundaries of Molecular Biology: The Case of Photosynthesis." Journal of the History of Biology, 26 (1993), 65-87.
Zallen, Doris. "The 'Light' Organism for the Job: Green
Algae and Photosynthesis Research." Journal of the History
of Biology, 26 (1993), 269-279.
APPENDICES
Appendix I.
C.B. van Niel's Course Outline for
"General Microbiology" in 1942(1)
I. Introduction
II. The Problem of Spontaneous Generation
III. Pure Culture Methods and Techniques
IV. The Causality Principle in Microbiology: Koch's Postulates
V. Enrichment Cultures. Micro-organisms and Ecology. Experimental Ecology.
VI. The Yeasts
VII. On the Chemistry of Alcoholic Fermentation
VIII. The Lactic Acid Bacteria; morphology; gen'l physiology; their importance in food industries (E.L.T.)
IX. Mechanism of Lactic Acid Formation (E.L.T.)
X. The Acetic Acid Bacteria and the Mechanism of Oxidative Metabolism
XI. Propionic Acid Fermentation
XII. Cycles and Ecology (E.L.T.)
XIII. Coli Fermentation (E.L.T.)
XIV. The Important Phases of the Carbon Cycle A. The Breakdown Processes
XV. Chemo- and Photosynthesis
XVI. On the Method of Energy Transfer in Biological Systems
XVII. N-cycle, with Emphasis on N2-assimilation (E.L.T.)
XVIII. The Metabolism of Anaerobic Sporeformers (E.L.T.)
XIX. The Concepts of Constancy and Variability in Microbiology
Appendix II.
Students in "General Microbiology,"
1930-1960(2)
1930
Students: Robert Hungate
1932
Students: Eliz. Hines, Jane Scribner, Marion Terwilliger, H.
Warmke, T.C. Jones, L.S. Tie (incompl.), B. Davis, W.D. Steale
1933
Students: Haste (name unclear), von Saltzo (name unclear), Strickland, Edith Dickinson, R. Emerson
Auditor: Maino
1934
Assistant: Edith Dickinson
Students: P.M. Baldwin, R.H. Rhodes, W.S. Small, G.A.
McCallum, H.O. Fry
1937 (Spring Quarter)
Assistants: M. Darsie and M. Doudoroff
Students: A. Cohen, Pickett, McClurkin, W.A. Arnold (Dr.), Rogers
Auditors: S.F. Cahen, J.O. Thomas
1937
Assistant: M. Doudoroff
Students: Winzler, Evans, Leslie, Addicott, Mainland, Miss Shibuya, Iwosaki
Lindsay, Chrisman, (handwritten on top of first page: Nilsson,
Robison,Meyerhof)
1938
Assistant: M. Doudoroff
Students: Stan Parker, Howard Bliss, Douglas Martin, Roger
Stanier, Ed. H. Anderson
1939
Assistant: S.F. Carson
Students: Dr. H. Kalckar, A. Lewis, G. Hardin, F. Tellonicher
Auditors: E. Anderson, H. Bliss, Salomonoen (name unclear)
1940 "Microbiological Chemistry" (Spring Quarter)
Students: Dr. W.A. Arnold, E.H. Anderson, R.Y. Stanier, H.
Bliss
1940
Assistant: Roger Stanier
Students: Dr. Max Delbrück, Dr. Frank Cooper, S.C. Allen,
J.P. Evans, M.B. Browning, A.L. Nicholson, N. Granfell (name
unclear), Mary Jo Cobb, G. Shelton
1941
Assistant: Howard S. Bliss
Students: W.D. McElroy, Dr. J.P. Heath, Roger Grady, Miss V. Coonradt, E.J. Daniels, Jack Lewis, Miss M. North, Dr. D. Davenport
Auditing: Dr. Henry Schoenhorn (name unclear)
1942
Assistant: Howard S. Bliss
Students: D.M. Gray, H.I. Lerner, P.L. Carpenter, C.A. Beam,
Dixie Lee Ray
1942 (Autumn Quarter, Stanford University)
Students: Penninton, Rubin, Gray, Schell, Howell, Haxo, Ross,
Himma, Whelan, Doermann, Regnery, Rice, Schwerdt, (Marion Parker
name written on top, significance unclear)
1943
Assistant: D.L. Ray
Students: Miss M. Briggs, Rubin, H.B., Northcraft
1947
Assistant: Dora Benedict
Students: H. Gest, E. Juni, M. Sussman, R. Flickinger, D.
Heath, H. Milner, J.C. Peniwell, B. Wright, W. Hagins, Weatherwax
1948
Assistant: Barbara Wright
Students: Babette Taylor, Rob't Vickery, Aaron Novick,
Roderick Clayton, Jack Siegel, R.A. Lewin, P.C. Silva, Dougl. H.
Humm (name unclear), Paul A. Swenson, Ellis Englesberg, W.L.
Byrne, A.M. Farghaly, R.J. Neff; in square parentheses: M.B.
Allen, H. Laresen, J. Wiame; in regular parentheses: Leo Szilard
1949
Assistant: Wolf Vishniac
Students: Hildreth, Lara, Wells, Strauss, Paine, Davis,
Harting, Bachman, Ingraham, Saeger, Anderson, Maas, McEwen,
(Ibrahim Aboul-Era), Schatz, Trucco, Davis, Fields, Tom Paine
1950
Students: James Martin, Dr. Newmeyer (name unclear), Dr. Borg,
Dr. E. Wollmann, Dr. Harry Eagle, Dr. Middlebrook, Mr. Takalo,
Mr. Battley, Dr. Jane Pinsent, Conrad Yocum, Irene Pozner, Mrs.
Herta Bregoff, Ethelyn Lovely (name unclear), Gertrud Blumenthal,
Adelaid Brokow, Francis Haskins, José Luis Reissig, Russell
Eversoh (name unclear), H.O. Halvoson, Dr. Whittingham, Dr. Kay,
Dr. Seym. Benzer, Mr. Allen Campbell, Will. Sherwood, Jack Stokes
1951
Assistant: Bill Sherwood
Students: Dr. Urless Lanham, Mr. H. Doochin, Dr. Lawr. Bogorad, Dr. Stew. Tannebaum, Mr. Las. O. Doudney, Mr. Seym. Lederberg, Mr. J.M. Cleveland, Mr. John R. Blinks, Dr. L. Tolmach, Mr. Kj. Baalsrud, Mrs. Kj. Baalsruud, Mr. Rob't. Airth, Dr. John Silliker, Mr. Rahn, Dr. Max Eisenberg
Auditors: Dr. John Raper, Dr. Jonath Mittenberg
1952
Assistant: Edwin H. Battley
Students: Dr. John Peel, Dr. Anne Harding Bokman, Mr. Irving Crawford, Dr. Antonio San Pietro, Mr. Ray Iverson, Mr. Gerges Nawar, Mr. Bruce Ames, Mr. Dale Kaiser, Dr. Ole Maaloe, Mr. George Harmon, Mr. Stewart Narrod, Dr. Morry Fox, Dr. Marion Cramer, Miss Padmasiris Ayengar
Auditors: Miss Grace Blanchard, Dr. Adel. Brokaw, Dr. Harry
Katznelson, Dr. A. Sols, Dr. McQuillen, Dr. Alfred Tissières,
Dr. Victor Najjar, Dr. John McClendon
1953
Assistants: Irving Crawford, Nancy Hendrick
Students: Dr. Arthur Kornberg, Dr. R.J. Fitzgerald, Dr. Claus Weibull, Dr. Raymond Appleyard, Dr. Arthur Weissbach, Dr. P. Freeman, Mr. Melvin Santer, Mr. N. Burr Furlong, Mr. Bruce Eberhart, Mr. Ahron Gibor, Mr. Leo Vernon, Mr. James Miller
Auditors: Dr. Adal. Brokaw, Dr. Maria Field, Dr. Schweet
1954
Assistant: Ted Battley
Students: Dr. Alex Wilson, Jean Foley, Louise Seki, Gowans, Erik Fägersten, David Geller, Dr. Alex Keynon (name unclear), Dr Arthur Wyatt, McKinsey, Dr. Paul Berg, Dr. Arthur Saz, Barbara Anne Drake, Gafford
Auditors: Dr. Bethsabé de Rothschild, Dr. Germaine Cohen-Bazire, Dr. Garen, Dr. Lloyd Kozloff, Dr. Johan Wyler, Bill Sistrom, Dr. R.E. Wolfe, Neidhardt, Ed Wawskiewitz
Late lectures: Dr. B.V.D. Skerman, Dr. Fogg, etc.
1956
Assistant: Ed. Wawszkiewicz
Students: Dr. Luc Smith, Dr. Hans Lautrop, Eystein Paasche, Alexandra Shedlovsky, Dr. Morris Friedkin, Dr. Ben Bloom, Dr. David Shemin, Dr. Moshe Shilo, Mr. Ivan Blan, Miss Jean Mayfield, Mr. John Tucker, Mr. William Andrus, Mr. Hans Went
Auditors: Dr. Syrvett, Dr. Knivett, Dr. J. Phillips, Don
Bianchi (switched places with Moshe Shilo for 2nd half), Dr.
Joseph de Ley, Dr. Agneta Munch Peterson, Mrs. Zlotin Korman, Mr.
Vyas (India, Bombay), Miss Elean. Christensen, Dr. Gertrude
Perlman
1957
Assistant: Sanat Vyas
Students: Ian Kaplan, Marcia Katzman, Patricia Zeller, Charley Weinberg, Shatkin, Sanadi Bloch, Delafield, Segal, Sprinson, Hoare, Gösta Frick,
Auditors: Mrs. Helen Kaplan, Carl Bovell, Hans Veldkamp, June
Lascelles, Martin Dworkin, Adel. Evenson, Mrs. Symn. Jensen, Sam
Gross, Sid Rittenberg, Iino Tetsuo
1958
Assistant: Allaverdi Farmanfarmaian
Students Mr. J. Irwin, Mr. Dan Fraenkel, Mr. Rob't Kinsolung, Mr. Giulio Fermi, Miss Barbara Claire Gillespie, Mr. Lynn Miller, Mr. Rob't Traut, Dr. Isidore Zipkin, Dr. Bruce McFadden, Mr. Stanley Dick, Dr. Srinivasan, Dr. Rob't Bartsch
Auditors: Dr. Kjell Eimhjellen, Dr. Holger Jannasch, Dr. Helen
Habermann, Dr. Darwin Alonso, P. Hanmauler, Jan v Niel, Bill
Smith, Mrs. Carol Justice
1959
Assistant: Lynn Miller
Students: Miss Ann Cook, Dr. Art Black, Mr. Geo. Cooper, Mr. John Bennett, Miss Tessa Abramsky, Dr. Ed Reich, Dr. Henry van Dyke, Dr. Geo. Brawernan, Dr. Werner Seubert, Dr. Robt. Abeles, Mrs. Keth. Brooks, Mr. Don Niederpruen
Auditors: Dr. Fr. Gibson, Miss Betsy Birdsey, Mr. Mick (name
unclear) Proctor, Dr. Buri, Dr. M. Schaechter, Mr. Geo. Araki,
Dr. Stanley Scher, Dr. J.W.M. la Rivière, (Mrs. B. Scher), (Dr.
Allen Farmanfarmayan), Mr. Silver, Dr. Brunau
1960
Assistants: John Bennett, Geo. Araki
Students: Dr. Francisco Alvarado, Mr. Eugene Rosenberg, Dr. Ron Bentley, Dr. Elija Adams, Dr. David J.L. Luck, Miss Hannah Jane Gouto (name unclear), Mrs. Carol Slayman, Dr. Maynard Pullman, Mr. L. Kent Smith, Dr. Carlos Ascensio, Mr. Adayapalm Ganesan
Auditors: Dr. Garreth Morris, Dr. Ron Lewis, Mr. Woolfolk, Mrs. Barb. Woolfolk, Dr. Strickland, Dr. Brenowitz, Dr. Don R. Zuckswert, Dr. John Ormerod, Mrs. Kari Ormerod, Mr. Hurdburt
1. In 1942, van Niel taught the course in the autumn quarter jointly with E.L. Tatum. In these two respects, it was an unusual year. However, the basic set of topics was the same as van Niel had set out in other years. Lectures annotated "(E.L.T.)" were presumably given by Tatum.
2. This list was transcribed from van Niel's teaching notebooks (VNA). The names here are as he wrote them. The course was given in the summer quarter at the HMS unless otherwise indicated.